Abstract: The green transformation of agriculture is a core path to achieving sustainable development goals. However, the green development of agriculture in our country still faces the dilemma of strong government policy incentives and weak farmer behavior responses. Research from a single perspective is difficult to break through and escape this predicament. This paper, based on grounded theory methods, conducts three-level coding through in-depth interviews with 32 farmers in typical agricultural areas of Guizhou Province, constructing an "external push-pull and endogenous conversion model" to reveal the behavioral logic of farmers’ green production under multi-system interaction. The study finds that the imbalance of the external push-pull system, the fragility of the endogenous capability system, and the failure of the risk reassessment system, through dynamic mutual construction, lead to the attenuation effect of external incentives at the farmer decision-making interface, forming a lagging closed-loop of strong policy-weak transformation-high risk perception, which restricts the choice of farmers’ green production behavior. To alleviate the push-pull imbalance and endogenous lag, and promote the choice of farmers’ green production behavior, feasible collaborative adjustment paths are: first, the precision of government push, second, the endogenization of market pull, third, the collaboration of farmer capabilities, and fourth, the situational unlocking of cognition.

Key words: farmers’ green production, push-pull imbalance, endogenous hysteresis, behavioral logic, grounded theory